小细胞肺癌多药耐药基因的检测及临床应用研究

目的：探讨多药耐药集团（MDR1）在小细胞肺癌化疗中的作用和地位，方法：采用逆转录－多聚酶链式反应技术（RT／PCR）和免疫细胞化学染色法，检测了32例（初治原发癌21例和复治转移癌11例）小细胞肺癌患者血液中的MDR1mRNA水平和多药耐药蛋白（P－170）的表达，并对两种方法进行了比较。结果：初治的原发癌MDR1基因阳性表达率为14．29％，P－170蛋白阳性表达为14．27％，复治转移癌的MDR1基因阳性表达率为72．73％，P－170蛋白阳性表达为63．64％（P＜0．01），有显著性差异。MDR1的基因和蛋白两种而检测方法具有一定的一致性，以RT／PTR方法具有更强的敏感性，结论：复治转移癌组比初治组具有更普遍的抗药性，且主要是获得性抗药，MDR1基因表达可作为临床合理地制定化疗方案，预测化疗效果的重要参考指标。     

子宫下段剖宫产不缝合腹膜168例临床分析

目的：探讨子宫下段剖宫产术不缝合腹膜对手术后效果影响。方法：对2000年7月～2001年7月在我院行改良式腹壁横切口子宫下段剖宫产168例，分成缝合腹膜组与不缝合腹膜组，在手术时间、术后镇痛药使用、肛门排气时间、术后发热、术后切口愈合方面进行观察和总结。结果：不缝合腹膜组在手术后发热，腹壁切口延期愈合方面与缝合腹膜组差异无显著性，在手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、术后镇痛药使用上比缝合腹膜组少。结论：施行子宫下段剖宫产，不缝合腹膜具有手术时间短、术后排气早、疼痛轻等优点，不会增加腹腔脏器粘连。     

长春瑞滨联合放疗治疗老年人晚期非小细胞肺癌

目的 :探讨比较单药长春瑞滨 (VNB) +放疗 (RT)与VNB +顺铂 (DDP)联合化疗治疗对老年人晚期非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC)的疗效及安全性。方法 :5 5例随机分两组 ,VNB +DDP组 2 7例 ,VNB 2 5mg/m2 ,d1、5 ,DDP 2 5mg～ 30mg/m2 d2、3、4。每 2 1天重复。VNB +RT组 2 8例 ,VNB 2 5mg/m2 ,d1、8、2 9、36天 ,第 2天开始放疗 ,DT 5 5～ 6 5Gy。 结果 :近期有效率 :VNB +DDP组 4 4 4 % ,VNB +RT组 5 3 6 % (P <0 0 5 )。两组中位生存期分别为 2 9 2个月和 11 6个月 ,1、2、3年生存期VNB +DDP组为 4 9 2 %、2 0 1%和 6 8% ,VNB +RT组为 5 1 6 %、2 2 5 %和 7 4 % (P <0 0 5 )。毒副反应方面两组有明显差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :单药VNB +放疗治疗老年人晚期NSCLC安全有效 ,具有良好耐受性。     

结缔组织增生性小圆细胞肿瘤2例并文献复习

目的:分析结缔组织增生性小圆细胞肿瘤(DSRCT)的临床病理特征。方法:结合文献对2例相对少见的DSRCT进行临床、病理形态及免疫组化研究。结果:DSRCT由成团巢的小圆细胞和丰富的结缔组织间质组成。免疫组化:小圆形的肿瘤细胞vimentin( );desmin( );EMA( );CK( );NSE( )。结论:DSRCT为高度侵袭性肿瘤,主要累及腹腔或盆腔的腹膜,肿瘤由小圆细胞和丰富的结缔组织间质组成。     

The triangular vaginal patch sling for stress urinary incontinence and hypermobile urethra

OBJECTIVE: We describe an alternative sling procedure that permits concomitant correction of urethral hypermobility and urinary incontinence through a single surgical exposure. STUDY DESIGN: Fifteen women with severe urinary stress incontinence and urethral hypermobility underwent a sling procedure by creation of a simple triangular patch from the anterior vaginal wall. RESULTS: The mean operative time for the vaginal sling procedure was 38 minutes (range 29 to 65 minutes) in addition to other operations. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 7.7 days (range 5 to 13 days) and all patients were routinely discharged with an indwelling Foley catheter. Spontaneous micturition occurred in 12 patients after a mean period of 25 days (range 13 to 36 days). In three cases long-term catheterization was necessary. By subjective and objective evaluations, all the patients were cured of their stress incontinence. CONCLUSION: The triangular vaginal patch with the single sutures on each side provides an alternative approach for bladder neck stabilization that may permit a more anatomic suspension of a hypermobile urethra.(Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;177:31)     

Potentiation of Paclitaxel Cytotoxicity by Inostamycin in Human Small Cell Lung Carcinoma, Ms-1 Cells

In the present study, we found that inostamycin increased the ability of paclitaxel to induce apoptosis in Ms-1 cells. A considerably higher concentration of paclitaxel was required for the induction of apoptosis in Ms-1 cells than in other cell lines tested. Treatment of Ms-1 cells with inostamycin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol (PI) synthesis, reduced the dosage of paclitaxel required to induce cell death by apoptosis. This effect of inostamycin is specific to Ms-1 cells, and inostamycin did not increase the cytotoxicity of other antitumor drugs such as adriamycin, vinblastine, methotrexate, cisplatin, etoposide, or camptothecin in Ms-1 cells. Addition of inostamycin to paclitaxel-treated cells caused a significant increase in the sub G1 peak, representing apoptosis, which was accompanied by a decrease in the G2/M peak seen in paclitaxel-treated Ms-1 cells, without affecting paclitaxel-inhibited tubulin depolymerization. Moreover, paclitaxel did not enhance inostamycin-inhibited PI synthesis. The expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, and Bcl-X_L were not changed following the co-treatment with inostamycin plus paclitaxel, whereas the activated form of caspase-3 was markedly increased. Thus, inostamycin is a chemosensitizer of paclitaxel in small cell lung carcinoma Ms-1 cells.     

乳腺癌患者外周血SBEM-mRNA和CD44V6-mRNA的检测及其临床意义

目的:寻找乳腺癌血道微小转移的肿瘤标志物,以利于早期发现乳腺癌的转移.方法:用巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应(Nested-RT-PCR)技术,检测67例乳腺癌、16例乳腺良性肿瘤及20例健康志愿者外周静脉血中的乳腺小粘蛋白(small breast epithelial mucin--SBEM)mRNA和CD44V6-mRNA.结果:SBEM-mRNA在健康志愿者、乳腺良性肿瘤患者外周血中均为阴性;67例乳腺癌患者外周血中SBEM-mRNA表达率为50.7%(34/67),在乳腺癌患者的临床分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ期中SBEM-mRNA表达率分别为25%(2/8)、45.8%(11/24)、43.75%(7/16)、73.7%(14/19),在Ⅳ期乳腺癌患者外周血中SBEM-mRNA的检出率73.7%(14/19)明显高于其他各组(P＜0.05).SBEM-mRNA的表达与患者年龄、原发癌灶大小、病理类型、ER和PR的状态无关(P＞0.05);在乳腺癌、乳腺良性肿瘤及健康志愿者外周静脉血中的CD44V6-mRNA的检出率为55/67(82.1%)、12/16(75%)、14/20(70%).结论:SBEM-mRNA特异表达于乳腺癌患者的外周血,有可能作为检测乳腺癌血道微小转移的指标,SBEM-mRNA阳性提示血循环中有乳腺癌细胞,预示着有血源性转移的可能,SBEM-mRNA可能成为诊断乳腺癌和判断预后的一个指标;而CD44V6-mRNA能否作为乳腺癌微小转移的标志物尚需进一步探讨.     

应用单针可调整缝线修复轻度上睑下垂12例报告

目的探讨应用单针可调整缝线修复轻度上睑下垂的效果。方法对2003年1月-2005年3月福州市第一医院眼科收治的12例（16眼）轻度上睑下垂患者，用单针可调整缝线进行修复，术后4天检测术眼上睑下缘高度，根据需要改变可调整缝线松紧度，并将缝线永久固定。结果所有患者术后上睑下缘高度与目标高度均相差不到1mm，随访3～26个月未见复发。结论单针可调整缝线修复轻度上睑下垂简便可行，值得推广。     

Enteroclysis of non-neoplastic disorders of the small intestine

Enteroclysis is now widely used for examining the jejunum and ileum. The technique is ideal for demonstrating the extent and severity of disorders that cause morphological changes to the small intestine. In this review many non-neoplastic small intestinal disorders as demonstrated by enteroclysis are described and illustrated. Received: 22 June 1999; Accepted: 28 July 1999     

可调缝线联合丝裂霉素治疗难治性青光眼

目的:评价可调缝线联合丝裂霉素治疗难治性青光眼的临床疗效。方法:对难治性青光眼30例应用可调缝线联合丝裂霉素在滤过性手术中疗效进行分析。结果:经过1a的随访,视力不变27眼,下降1～2行3眼;术后眼压:出院时平均眼压1.72kPa,3月以上平均眼压(2.4±0.3)kPa。结论:在常规滤过手术中采用可调缝线联合丝裂霉素可有效地降低眼压,减少并发症的发生,从而维护青光眼患者的视功能。